Application of Itrace visual function analyzer in the evaluation of regional refractive multifocal intraocular lens / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To evaluate the centration of the SBL-3 multifocal intraocular lens, the size of the distant and near power zone in the pupil area and the area of the visual axis using Itrace visual function analyzer. <p>METHODS: Retrospective case study. From January 2018 to January 2019, 51 eyes of 36 patients underwent phacoemulsification cataract combined with regional refraction multifocal intraocular lens implantation at Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital were enrolled. The centration, visual axis, angle α, angle Kappa and the orientation of the intraocular lens measured by Itrace were used to calculate the position of the visual axis in the intraocular lens and the changes in the proportions of the distant and near power zones in the pupil area. <p>RESULTS: The centration(R)of intraocular lens is 0.217±0.09mm. The distribution of the visual axis in the intraocular lens is 0.217±0.09mm. The visual axis is evenly distributed in the distant and near power zones. There was no statistical significance between the two groups with postoperative visual acuity ≥0.8 and <0.8(<i>P</i>>0.05). The size of the angle Kappa is 0.187±0.079mm. The displacement of angle Kappa on the y-axis is 0.10±0.06mm. There was no statistical significance between the changes in the pupil size of distant and near power zones in the pupil area caused by the deviation of the pupil and the postoperative visual acuity ≥0.8 and <0.8(<i>P</i>>0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: The intraocular lens centration and axial data measured by the Itrace visual function analyzer can be used to estimate the area where the visual axis is located and the size of the distant and near power zones in the pupil area, thereby assisting in evaluating the postoperative visual quality of the regional refraction multifocal intraocular lens implanted after cataract surgery.

Analysis of Cut-off Value in Screening of Thalassemia by Capillary Hemoglobin Electrophoresis for Pregnant Women from Shenzhen Region of China / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the cut-off value in screening of thalassemia in pregnant women from Shenzhen region by capillary hemoglobin electrophoresis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of capillary hemoglobin electrophoresis and genetic diagnosis of thalassemia from 2122 examined prenatal women were retrospectively analyzed. Capillary hemoglobin electrophoresis and α-, β- genetic diagnosis of thalassemia were carried out for every woman. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was performed using Capillarys 2 full-automated electrophoresis instrument. Gap polymerase chain reaction and reverse dot blot were used for genetic diagnosis of thalassemia genotyping test. The cut-off value in screening of thalassemia was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve and next to analyze the value of HbA2 and HbF in screening of thalassemia using the decided cut-off value.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The areas under the curve (AUC(Roc)) of HbA2 for diagnosis of α-, β- thalassemia were 0.75 and 0.981 respectively, and the AUC(Roc) of HbF for diagnosis of β-thalassemia was 0.787. When HbA2 ≤ 2.55 was taken as the cut-off value of HbA2 for diagnosis of α-thalassemia, the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR(+)) and negative likelihood ratio (LR(-)) were 89.5%, 54.8%, 1.98, 0.19 respectively. When HbA2 ≥3.9 was taken as the cut off value of HbA2 for diagnosis of β-thalassemia, the sensitivity, specificity, LR(+) and LR(-) were 96.1%, 99.8% 480.5, 0.04 respectively. When HbF ≥0.75 was taken as the cut off value of HbF for diagnosis of β-thalassemia, the sensitivity, specificity, LR(+) and LR(-) were 83.6%, 61.8% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cut-off value in screening of thalassemia by capillarys 2 full automated electrophoresis instrument is different from that of the traditional method of hemoglobin electrophoresis, such as cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis and agarose gel electrophoresis. Each laboratory should establish their own respective cut off value.</p>

Experimental analysis and countermeasures for EDTA-dependent Pseudothrombocytopenia / 中国实验血液学杂志

The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of clinically common EDTA-dependent pseudo-thrombocytopenia (EDTA-PTCP) and methols for treating this diseese. A total of 1326 cases of thrombocytopenia found at blood routine examination were amalyzed anong 71 535 patients hospitalized in our hospital from January 2010 to May 2013, and 87 cases of PTCP caused EDTA-K anticoagulant were analyzed again by using sodium citrate auticoagulant, at the same time the platelet formation distribution was observed by microscopy of smear with Wright-Giemsa staining. The results showed that the platelet count detected by using EDTA-K anticoagulant in 87 cases was (56 ± 27)×10(9)/L, while the platelet count detected by using sodium citrate was (185 ± 39)×10(9)/L (t = 1.83,P < 0.01). The pseudo-thrombocytopenia incidence cansed by EDTA-K was 0.12%, it was 6.56% for the total number of thrombocytopenia. It is concluded that the incidence of PTCP cansed by EDTA-K is 0.12%, the PTCP is easily misdiagnosed. Therefore, the specimens of platelet count <100 10(9)/L should be tested again. When the platelet aggregation is found, the specimens should be examined again by using sodium citrate in order to avoid misdiagnosis.

Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell in the microenviroment of retinitis pigmentosa / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To assess the differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) in the microenvironment of retinitis pigmentosa(RP) induced by the administration of sodium iodate. METHODS: In vitro cultured Lewis rat MSC were injected into the subretinal space of NaIO3 induced RP rat eyes (30g/L NaIO3 100mg/kg). To observe the trace and differentiation of MSC by immuno-fluorescent method successively in 5 weeks after the surgery.RESULTS: The majority of the transplanted cells stay in retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) layer and cones and rods layer. From the 2nd week after transplantation, the engrafted MSC expressed PCK and rhodopsin under fluorescent microscope.CONCLUSION: MSC can survive mainly in the outer layer of retina in the microenvironment of RP and differentiate forward the RPE cell and photoreceptor.

Expression of SV40Tag, Rb and IRS-1 in glioma detected by tissue microarray and their relation with tumorigenesis and progression of gliomas / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the expression of SV40Tag, Rb and IRS-1 in gliomas and to identify their function in gliomagenesis and progression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissue microarrays were constructed containing 118 samples including human glioma and meningioma, experimental glioma, and normal human brain tissue. The expression of SV40Tag, Rb, IRS-1, SV40Tag combined with Rb, and SV40Tag combined with IRS-1 were assayed by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemical techniques. The expression ratio and level were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of SV40Tag, Rb and IRS-1 were detected in gliomas and benign brain tumors. Their positive expression rate in glioma was 65.9%, 64.6% and 48.8%, respectively, with a statistically non-significant difference between the malignant and benign brain tumors. The malignant degree was positively correlated with SV40Tag and IRS-1, but negatively correlated with Rb expression. The combined expression rate of SV40Tag and Rb was 51.2%, and the combined expression rate of SV40Tag and IRS-1 was 40.2%. In the normal human brain tissue only the expression of Rb (77.8%, 7/9) and IRS-1 (22.2%, 2/9) were detected, but expression of SV40Tag could not be observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our findings that no expression of SV40Tag was observed in normal human brain tissue indicates that expression of SV40Tag may play an important role in the pathogenesis of glioma. It may be assumed that after SV40 virus invading human body, Rb disfunction and IRS-1 activation promote the malignant transformation of cells, which could be one of important factors in pathogenesis and procession of glioms.</p>

Establishment of the coculture systems of rabbit aortic endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>In order to establish a coculture system of ECs and SMCs and by which further study can be done.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>ECs in primary culture were grown on a side of Transwell membrane, and SMCs were grown on an other side of it or the bottom of culture well, so that two kinds of coculture systems were established, and detail observation on the coculture systems was carried out by transmission and scanning electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ECs in primary culture were positive of VI factor by immunocytochemistry staining. ECs and SMCs were grown well on both sides of Transwell membrane, relative to ECs monolayer of "cobblestone appearance", SMCs were multilayer of "hills and valleys appearance". ECs and SMCs on both sides of Transwell membrane could form the gap junctions by micropores.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The coculture systems of ECs and SMCs were established successfully by modeling the structural relationship of vascular wall.</p>

Clinical significance of molecular markers and routine coagulation tests in patients with cerebral infarction / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To study the clinical significance of molecular markers and routine coagulation tests in patients with cerebral infarction and to set up a serial programs of laboratory diagnosis,monitoring and treatment of cerebral infarction.Methods Prothrombin fragment 1+2(F1+2),thrombin antithrombin III complex(TAT), D-dimer(D-D),Von willebrand Factor(vWF),antithrombin(AT), protein C(PC),prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and thrombin time (TT) were determined in 90 patients with cerebral infarction and 60 normal control subjects.Results The levels of F1+2,TAT,D-D,vWF were significantly higher in patients with cerebral infarction than that in control subjects. But the levels of PC,AT,PT,APTT,TT in patients with cerebral infarction were no different from that in control subjects.Conclusion There were hypercoagulable states in patients with cerebral infarction.The activity of prothrombin is higher, thrombin is generated more, the activity of fibrinolysis is higher too, but anticoagulation system is not sufficiently activated .Meanwhile, perhaps endothelial lesion would be the main role of coagulation system activating and pathogenesis.Molecular markers such as F1+2,TAT,D-D,VWF can be as diagnositic signs but routine coagulable tests can not display the hypercoagulable states in patients with cerebral infarction.

Prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 172 premature infants who were less than 37 weeks postconceptional age, or more than 37 weeks but weighing < 2 500 g at birth, and born at PUMC hospital from May 1, 2003 to November 30, 2004, were enrolled in this study. Their fundus were routinely checked. Diagnosis and staging of ROP were performed according to the international guidelines. Another 20 mature infants were selected as the control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twelve infants quitted the treatment or died. The remaining 160 infants completed the follow up. The prevalence of ROP in the premature group was 19.4%, while no ROP was found in the control group. The prevalence of ROP in subgroup with body weight < or = 2 000 g (28.4%) was significantly higher than in subgroup with body weight > 2 000 g (8.3%, chi2 = 10.217, P = 0.001) at birth. The prevalence of ROP in subgroup with postconceptional age < or = 32 weeks (42.5%) was significantly higher than in subgroup with postconceptional age > 32 weeks (11.7%, chi2 = 18.258, P = 0.000). The postconceptional age (OR = 0.959, P = 0.036) and body weight (OR = 0.999, P = 0.026) were the most important risk factors of ROP. Furthermore, blood transfusion ( OR = 0.076, P = 0.029) and Apgar score ( OR = 23.62, P = 0.012) were inversely correlated with ROP. Correlation was not found between ROP prevalence and oxygen inhalation mode, surface active substance, administration of dopamine and dexamethasone, and mother conditions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The prevalence of ROP is higher in premature infants than in mature infants. Shorter postconceptional age and lower body weight may result in higher ROP incidence. Routine screening of fundus in premature infants may be helpful for the early detection of ROP.</p>

Recent advances in retinopathy of prematurity / 中国医学科学院学报

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative retinopathy. Worldwide, ROP is a major cause of blindness in children. This chapter describes its risk factors, etiology, diagnosis, treatment and recent advances.

Study on components of blood cells in healthy human fetus from middle to late time of gestation / 中国医师杂志

Objective To establish normal range of components of cord blood cells in healthy fetuses from 19 to 37 weeks' gestation and to provide proof for diagnosis of hematological disorders in prenatal fetuses and premature infants.Methods Twelve hematological parameters were determined in 182 fetuses using Coulter GENS system 2 full automated blood cell counter,and the blood cells were classified by microscope.Results The number of white blood cell(WBC) was increased gradually from 3.58?10~9/L to 5.76?10~9/L with the gestational weeks increasing from 19 to 37 weeks.The differential counts indicated that the lymphocytes represented the main population.The number of lymphocytes and normoblast was decreased gradually and that of neutrophils was increased gradually.The numbers of monocytes,eosinophils and basophils remained stable as the increasing of gestational weeks.The red blood cell(RBC),hemoglobin(HGB) and hematocrit(HCT) were increased gradually but mean corpuscular volume(MCV) was decreased.The differences between mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH),platelet volume distribution width(PDW),mean platelet volume(MPV),plateletcrit(PCT) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC) were not significant among different fetuses' ages.Conclusion The components of cord blood cells in healthy fetuses are dynamic and the establishment normal range of components of cord blood cells in healthy fetuses is helpful to diagnose the disorders in prenatal fetuses and premature infants.